On Nov. 8, Donald Trump became the president-elect. Although the U.S. stock market initially declined, the losses were made up later that day and the market has continued to react positively. What will happen long-term is up for debate. The question for this report, however, is what immediate decisions President-elect Trump will make that will have long-term impacts on the cattle markets.
Trump will be making many policy decisions in the next four years; however, in my opinion, the two that will have the largest direct impact on cattle markets will be the decision to not partake in the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and the proposed moratorium on the Waters of the United States (WOTUS).
Following Trump’s victory, Obama has given up on promoting TPP. The now-defunct TPP could have boosted U.S. beef exports, as Japan is the leading market for U.S. beef. U.S. beef faces a Japanese import tariff of 38.5 percent, compared with Australia, which faces an import tariff of 28.5 percent. In 2015, U.S. shipments of beef to Japan totaled 538.55 billion pounds with a value of approximately $1.3 billion, and in 2016, exports to Japan are up 14.3 percent year to date in volume but only 0.4 percent in value.
Exports from Australia to Japan were up in 2015 but are down in 2016. Before one assumes that the Japanese tariffs don’t affect trade, note that during 2016, U.S. beef production is expected to increase 3 percent from 2015 and will increase another 2.6 percent in 2016 and 2.1 percent in 2017, while Australian beef production is down 18.5 percent from 2015 and will likely decrease again in 2017 due to herd rebuilding.
So what does all this mean for beef exports to Japan? Essentially, in spite of the high tariffs, the U.S. is currently increasing exports to Japan; however, once Australia has rebuilt its herd, if history is any indication, U.S. beef will lose market share to Australian beef in Japan primarily due to the large discrepancy in import tariffs. Long-term (i.e., two years or more out), the loss of TPP could adversely affect cattle markets at a time when the U.S. needs strong international demand the most.
Trump has indicated he will propose a moratorium on new federal regulations not compelled by Congress. If true to his word, this would include eliminating WOTUS. WOTUS is already in place, but there is a current legal stay on any regulation and Trump has the ability to make WOTUS go away. The elimination of WOTUS will have long-term impacts on the cattle markets due to the increased profitability potential by producers.
In the next four years, Trump will have the potential to impact cattle markets. Some of these decisions will improve cattle producers’ profitability potential, while others will hurt. Time will tell which way the markets will lean more heavily. 
Brenda Boetel is a professor for the University of Wisconsin – River Falls Department of Agricultural Economics. This article originally appeared in The Ohio State University’s Ohio Beef Cattle Letter newsletter.
