Due to the physical nature of farming, it is important to be aware of situations that may cause strains and/or sprains. Sprains and strains of muscles, ligaments or tendons may not seem serious when symptoms first appear. They can start with minor discomfort and may go away after a day or two. But as you continue to complete the same activity, the symptoms may return. Over time, symptoms can increase in intensity and eventually the body does not recover, even after rest.
Common risks for sprain and strain injuries include:
- Repetition – Involves doing the same task repeatedly, using the same muscles over and over.
- High force – Using extra muscle power such as heavy lifting, pushing or gripping tools.
- Awkward postures – Working with your body bent, twisted or extended rather than in a neutral position. When working in an awkward position, your strength is decreased.
- Contact stress – When pressure from an object is pushed on soft body tissues (i.e., tool handle).
- Hand-arm vibration – Vibrations that enter the body from power tools or equipment.
Any of these hazards performed over long periods of time can increase the risk, and activities with more than one ergonomic risk factor can increase physical discomfort and risk even more.
Work can be made more comfortable and safer by using ergonomics. Ergonomics focuses on how people interact with their workspace or working conditions and how to make that interaction as safe and efficient as possible for each worker.
Think about tasks that are uncomfortable or difficult to perform. Try these ergonomic solutions.
- Use manual or mechanical equipment to assist with moving/lifting (dollies, carts, forklift).
- Modify your work techniques such as adjusting the task so you can work at waist height.
- Avoid working in awkward positions when possible. Raise items, use props or tables and use ladders when safe to do so to position your body in an appropriate position for the task.
- Rotate tasks so you are not using the same muscle groups over and over again.
- Alternate heavy lifting/forceful tasks with less physically demanding tasks and take breaks.
The use of tools and equipment can pose a high hazard of sprains and strains. Here are some tips to make these tasks safer.
- Use the right tool or equipment for the job and use tools and equipment properly.
- Select tools that keep your wrist in a neutral posture, especially while exerting force.
- Maintain tools in good working order to help minimize vibration.
- Maintain a neutral position, when possible, when using tools. Avoid bending, twisting, etc.
- Ensure you have proper footing and a good grip on the tool you are using.
- Maintain a neutral position when operating equipment or driving. Adjust your seat and shift your body weight regularly when driving for a long period of time.
- Stand up and stretch regularly when operating equipment for long periods of time.
